Abstract Body (Do not enter title and authors here): Background:
Multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer characterized by recurring and remitting episodes, has historically been difficult to manage. While advancements in treatment have led to improved survival rates, they have also introduced new cardiac complications. Notably, many multiple myeloma patients already possess pre-existing cardiac risk factors. Unfortunately, there is limited information available on the prevalence of these risk factors, making it crucial to investigate this issue further to better understand and address the cardiac burden associated with this disease.
Methods:
We used the National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) from 2017 to 2020 to identify patients with primary diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma (MM) using ICD-10 codes. Our analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiac risk factors among MM patients and their impact on mortality. We used multivariable logistic and linear regression models to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for the outcomes. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant
Results:
Analysis showed that a total of 690789 patients were admitted with multiple myeloma. Out of them, almost 68% of the patients had cardiac comorbidities. The mean age of the patients was 69 years. Males were in majority (55%) while female patients comprised 45% of the patients. Out of them, 23% of patients had coronary artery disease (CAD), 21% had congestive heart failure (CHF), 18% had atrial fibrillation, 3% had ventricular arrhythmias, 5% had non-rheumatic heart disease (NRHD), 3% had heart block and 0.08% of the patients had infective endocarditis. Among the patients, CHF (OR 1.5, p-value 0.00) , atrial fibrillation (OR 1.1, p-value 0.001), ventricular arrhythmias (OR 3.2, p-value 0.00) was associated with higher mortality risk in multiple myeloma patients. Other comorbidities, such as NRHS (OR 0.9, p-value 0.8) and CAD (OR 0.9, p-value 0.5) were associated with lower risk, although the result was not significant (p-value >0.05). Although endocarditis was associated with higher risk (OR 1.8, p-value 0.7), the result was also not significant.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of cardiac comorbidities in multiple myeloma (MM) patients is 68%, significantly increasing mortality risk. Conditions such as congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmias are particularly associated with higher mortality. The mortality was observed to be higher in the presence of cardiac risk factors.