Education and Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the ERICH Study
Abstract Body: Introduction: Education, a key modifiable social determinant of health, plays a significant role in shaping outcomes related to ischemic stroke. Higher educational attainment has been linked to improved management of risk factors and greater adherence to medical treatments. However, the impact of education on patients suffering from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains underexplored.
Methods: We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) study to examine the impact of educational attainment on good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0-3 at 90 days after ICH). A logistic regression model was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance status, mechanical ventilation, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, congestive heart failure, Glasgow Coma Scale, ICH location (side and deep), ICH volume on CT, and presence of intraventricular hemorrhage.
Results: Among 1894 individuals included in this study, 584 patients (30.8%) had less than a high school (HS) education, 539 patients (28.5%) had a HS education, 641 patients (33.8%) had more than HS or a college education, and 130 patients (6.9%) had postgraduate education. See Table 1 for demographics by education group. The predicted probability of good outcome by education level was significantly different (Figure 1). Compared to those with Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that higher educational attainment was associated with a greater likelihood of favorable outcome (mRS 0-3 at 90 days) in ICH patients, with the most significant effect observed in those with postgraduate education. Further study is needed to understand the mediators of this observation (i.e. socioeconomic status, medication adherence, etc.).
Krothapalli, Neeharika
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Sansing, Lauren
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
De Havenon, Adam
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Wong, Ka-ho
( University of Utah
, Salt Lake City
, Utah
, United States
)
Littig, Lauren
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Kim, Yvonne
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Smith, Harper
( Fairfield High School
, Fairfield
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Calvario, Erick
( University of Utah
, Salt Lake City
, Utah
, United States
)
Champagne, Alison
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Narula, Reshma
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Sheth, Kevin
( Yale University
, New Haven
, Connecticut
, United States
)
Author Disclosures:
Neeharika Krothapalli:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Lauren Sansing:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Adam de Havenon:DO have relevant financial relationships
;
Research Funding (PI or named investigator):NIH/NINDS:Active (exists now)
; Researcher:UptoDate:Active (exists now)
; Individual Stocks/Stock Options:Certus:Active (exists now)
; Individual Stocks/Stock Options:TitinKM:Active (exists now)
; Consultant:Novo Nordisk:Active (exists now)
; Research Funding (PI or named investigator):AAN:Active (exists now)
| Ka-Ho Wong:DO have relevant financial relationships
;
Research Funding (PI or named investigator):TSF Foundation:Active (exists now)
; Research Funding (PI or named investigator):SRNA:Active (exists now)
| Lauren Littig:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Yvonne Kim:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Harper Smith:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Erick Calvario:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Alison Champagne:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Reshma Narula:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Kevin Sheth:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
Krothapalli Neeharika, Sansing Lauren, De Havenon Adam, Wong Ka-ho, Littig Lauren, Kim Yvonne, Smith Harper, Calvario Erick, Champagne Alison, Narula Reshma, Sheth Kevin
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