Abstract Body: Background
Edaravone dexborneol is a novel cytoprotective agent widely used for acute ischemic stroke patients in clinical practice in China. It is unclear whether minor stroke patients benefit from edaravone dexborneol treatment.
Methods
The present analysis was a post hoc analysis based on a prospective, multicenter EXPAND (The Effectiveness and Safety of Edaravone Dexborneol in Acute Ischemic Stroke) cohort study which conducted at 72 hospitals in China between December 2022 to October 2023. Inclusion criteria included patients diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke, aged 18 years or older, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score ≤5, within 14 days of acute ischemic stroke, and modified Rankin Scale score of 0-1 prior to onset. Patients were divided into two groups (edaravone dexborneol or no edaravone dexborneol). The primary outcome was excellent functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1 at 90 days. The secondary outcome was the score on the modified Rankin Scale (range, 0 to 6 points, with higher scores indicating greater disability) at 90 days. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression after adjusting for the potential confounding factors. Furthermore, we performed a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis to assess the robustness of the results.
Results
A total 2 608 patients were included in this analysis. Overall, the median age of patients was 65 years old (interquartile, 56-72), and 1748 (67.7%) were men. Of these, 1838 were treated with edaravone dexborneol and 770 were not. At 90 days, 79.8% of patients in the edaravone dexborneol group and 74.4% of patients in the no edaravone dexborneol group had an excellent functional outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.62). The median 90-day modified Rankin Scale score was 1 (interquartile, 0-1) in the edaravone dexborneol group and 1 (interquartile, 0-2) in the no edaravone dexborneol group (adjusted common odds ratio, 1.32; 95%CI, 1.12-1.54). The results were consistent in 1:1 PSM and IPTW analysis.
Conclusions
Among patients with minor stroke, edaravone dexborneol was associated with higher odds for excellent functional outcome, as compared with no use.