Abstract Body: Background
Edaravone dexborneol is a multitarget brain cytoprotection composed of antioxidation and anti-inflammation. We aimed to assess the effect of edaravone dexborneol on functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving reperfusion therapy.
Methods
This study was a post hoc analysis of the EXPAND (The Effectiveness and Safety of Edaravone Dexborneol in Acute Ischemic Stroke) study, which was a prospective, multicenter cohort study that enrolled 4684 patients from January 2023 to October 2023 at 72 centers in China. Of these 4 684 patients, 1 035 patients aged 18 years or older, had a clinically diagnosed acute ischemic stroke symptom from onset to admission within 14 days, received reperfusion therapy (either intravenous treatment or endovascular treatment or intravenous bridging endovascular treatment), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-1 prior to onset, and the ability to provide informed consents. Patients were divided into two groups (edaravone dexborneol or no edaravone dexborneol). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a favorable outcome based on 90-day mRS that was adjusted for baseline stroke severity (an mRS socre of 0 in patients with baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score of 0 to 7; an mRS of 0 to 1 in patients with a baseline NIHSS score of 8 to 14; and an mRS score of 0 to 2 in patients with a baseline NIHSS score greater than or equal to 15). The secondary outcome was the score on the mRS score (range, 0 to 6 points, with higher scores indicating greater disability) at 90 days. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression after adjusting for the potential confounding factors.
Results
Of 1 035 patients (of whom 706 were men [68.2%]; median [interquartile] age, 65 [56-72] years) were recruited into the study, 629 were treated with edaravone dexborneol and 406 were not. A 90-day favorable functional outcome occurred in 301 patients (47.8%) in edaravone dexborneol group and 159 patients (39.2%) in no edaravone dexborneol group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.06-1.80). The distribution of the mRS score showed that good functional outcome favoring the edaravone dexborneol group (adjusted common odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.02-1.64).
Conclusions
For patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving reperfusion therapy, edaravone dexborneol use was associated with a higher proportion of patients achieving a favorable functional outcome compared with no use.