Abstract Body (Do not enter title and authors here): Background:
Recaticimab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) with a novel YTE mutation, prolongs its half-life by enhancing neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding, making it the longest-acting anti-PCSK9 antibody. Approved for dyslipidemia management, its clinical performance concerning immunogenicity is still under study.
Aims:
To explore the impact of immunogenicity on the efficacy and safety of recaticimab in patients with dyslipidemia.
Methods:
The pooled analysis was conducted using data from 3 phase III trials (REMAIN 1-3) and 1 phase Ib/II trial (NCT03944109). Patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (non-familial and heterozygous) and mixed hyperlipemia were randomized to receive subcutaneous recaticimab at doses of 150 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W), 300 mg Q8W, 450 mg Q12W, or matching placebo. Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) were measured over time, with ADA-positive samples tested for neutralizing antibodies (Nabs). Efficacy outcome (the percent change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] from baseline at Week 12 (Q4W and Q12W groups), and Week 16 (Q8W group), and safety outcome were evaluated by ADA and Nab status.
Results:
Among 1034 patients who received recaticimab, 146 (14.1%) tested positive for treatment-emergent ADA (ADA⁺), and 33 (3.2%) for Nab (Nab⁺). In the placebo group (n=507), 10 (2.0%) were ADA⁺, and none were Nab⁺. In recaticimab-treated patients, LDL-C reductions from baseline at Week 12/16 were comparable across ADA^-, ADA⁺, Nab⁺ patients for all dosing regimens (Figure 1). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) was 22.8% (202 of 885) in ADA^- patients, 29.5% (43 of 146) in ADA⁺ patients, and 42.4% (14 of 33) in Nab⁺ patients. Injection site reactions were the most common TRAE: 2.8% (25 of 885) in ADA^-, 10.3% (15 of 146) in ADA⁺, and 18.2% (6 of 33) in Nab⁺ patients. All TRAEs in the ADA⁺ and Nab⁺ groups were mild to moderate, with no serious TRAEs reported.
Conclusions:
The incidence of ADAs (14.1%) and Nabs (3.2%) following recaticimab treatment did not impact efficacy. ADA⁺ and Nab⁺ patients had a higher incidence of self-resolving injection site reactions compared to ADA^- patients. These findings support the clinical use of recaticimab for lipid-lowering therapy, regardless of immunogenicity status.