Abstract Body (Do not enter title and authors here): Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with increased mortality mainly due to sudden cardiac arrest. However, it is not clear how HCM affects in-hospital mortality among patients hospitalized due to other cardiovascular conditions requiring intervention.
Methods: National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried from 2016 to 2020 to identify hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of HCM. Patients with HCM were stratified based on their concomitant cardiovascular conditions necessitating interventions.
Results: Data pertinent to 278,995 admission cases with HCM was analyzed. Of this, 15,035 cases had concomitant non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI), and 1,230 cases had ST-elevation MI (STEMI). Additionally, 15,100 cases were diagnosed with aortic valve diseases (AVD), 33,580 had concomitant mitral valve diseases (MVD), 5,580 cases had tricuspid valve diseases (TVD), and 16,815 cases had pulmonary valve diseases (PVD). Cardiovascular procedures were more common among HCM patients with concomitant STEMI (43.5%) followed by HCM patients with AVD (17.1%) and HCM patients with NSTEMI (16.9%). Stratification of mortality rate based on cardiovascular procedures and the underlying indication revealed CABG to have the highest mortality rate for HCM patients with STEMI (25%), followed by PCI for HCM patients with STEMI and HFrEF (12.5%). HCM patients with NSTEMI undergoing revascularization had higher mortality when PCI was performed for HFrEF cases and when CABG was performed for HFpEF cases. For HCM patients with AVD requiring repair or replacement, TAVR was superior to SAVR if performed in patients with HFpEF but was inferior among HFrEF subgroup in terms of in-hospital mortality. For subgroup of HCM patients with MVD, transcatheter replacement was associated with a lower mortality than surgical repair regardless of concomitant heart failure. Data was insufficient for HCM patients with concomitant TVD or PVD undergoing repair or replacement procedures.
Conclusions: Among hospitalized patients with HCM, concomitant HFrEF but not HFpEF is associated with a significantly higher mortality rate regardless of the underlying cardiovascular conditions requiring revascularization or heart valvular repair. A more comprehensive preoperative risk assessment could delineate the ideal procedures for HCM patients with certain comorbidities and specific need.