Abstract Body (Do not enter title and authors here): Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogenous syndrome with 5 phenotypes. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of HFpEF patients with various phenotypes in China.
Methods and Results: Data from the Chinese Cardiovascular Association (CCA) Database-HF Center Registry between January 2017 and December 2021 were analyzed, 51,466 hospitalized HFpEF patients with 1-year follow-up results were included in this analysis. The patients were categorized into five phenotypes based on published phenotyping method. Clinical characteristics and 1-year outcome and related risk factors of HFpEF patients with various phenotypes were explored. Results demonstrated significant differences in baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes among the phenotypes, patients with phenotype-3 (right heart and pulmonary-related HFpEF), phenotype-4 (valvular- and rhythm-related HFpEF) and phenotype-5 (extracardiac disease-related HFpEF) exhibited high incidence of adverse outcomes. Phenotype-3 and -4 exhibited high risk of heart failure rehospitalization, whereas phenotype-5 showed high cardiovascular mortality. The independent prognostic risk factors varied across different phenotypes as well.
Conclusion: One-year outcome differs among HFpEF patients with various phenotyping. Future studies are warranted to validate if personalized treatment strategies based on HFpEF phenotypes could improve the individual outcome of HFpEF patients, especially for phenotype-3, -4 and -5 HFpEF patients.
Keywords: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, phenotype, prognosis, population study, risk factors.