Early Life Stress is Associated with Reduced Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping
Abstract Body: Early life stress (ELS) is a widespread but understudied risk factor for cardiovascular disease. ELS is defined as adverse experiences occurring before age 18, such as exposure to family poverty, neighborhood disadvantage, and violence. Low socioeconomic status and parent education are known to be associated with reduced nighttime blood pressure dipping; a natural decrease in blood pressure that occurs during sleep, and a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, less is known about ELS more broadly defined in relation to ambulatory and nighttime blood pressure. In the current study, it is hypothesized that higher early life stress is associated with reduced nighttime blood pressure dipping in adulthood. We utilized the Healthy Passages cohort to understand the relationships between ELS and nighttime blood pressure. A composite ELS score was created by summing the following childhood conditions: neighborhood poverty > 1 standard deviation at age 11 (0-1), number of time points when family income fell below federal poverty level at ages 11, 13, and 16 (0-3), number of time points youth reported witnessing violence at ages 11, 13, 16, and 19 (0-4), and number of time points youth reported any victimization by violence at ages 11, 13, 16, and 19 (0-4). Participants returned to complete ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as young adults (n=401; Mage 29; range = 27-34 years). The mean composite ELS score was 3.7 (SD=2.8). After controlling for sociodemographics and body mass index, linear regressions revealed that greater composite ELS was linked to lower nighttime dipping in diastolic blood pressure (b = -0.58; SE = 0.25; p = .02) and lower mean arterial pressure (b = -0.65; SE = 0.28; p = .02) but not systolic blood pressure. There were no significant effects of composite ELS on the overall mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, or diastolic blood pressure. While further research is needed, these results have important implications for clinical settings, where healthcare providers should prioritize comprehensive care for adults with a history of early life stress, ensuring regular monitoring and tailored interventions to mitigate cardiovascular risks.
Orihuela, Catheryn
( The University of Alabama at Birmin
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Patki, Amit
( UAB
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Tiwari, Hemant
( University of Alabama at Birmingham
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Irvin, Ryan
( UNIVERSITY ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM
, Birmiham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Kemp, Keri
( UAB
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Seifert, Michael
( University of Alabama at Birmingham
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Pollock, David
( University of Alabama at Birmingham
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Pollock, Jennifer
( University of Alabama at Birmingham
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Mrug, Sylvie
( University of Alabama at Birmingham
, Birmingham
, Alabama
, United States
)
Author Disclosures:
Catheryn Orihuela:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Amit Patki:No Answer
| Hemant Tiwari:No Answer
| Ryan Irvin:No Answer
| Keri Kemp:No Answer
| Michael Seifert:DO have relevant financial relationships
;
Research Funding (PI or named investigator):Natera:Active (exists now)
; Research Funding (PI or named investigator):Eurofins/TGI:Active (exists now)
| David Pollock:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Jennifer Pollock:DO NOT have relevant financial relationships
| Sylvie Mrug:No Answer