Abstract Body:

Introduction
Cardiovascular Kidney Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome characterizes the interplay of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic disorders with five progressive stages. Prior data have shown that CKM syndrome is lower among aggregated Asian people when compared to Non-Hispanic White (NHW) people. However, when disaggregated, some Asian groups have a greater burden of CKM-related conditions (e.g., diabetes) compared to NHW people. We examined CKM prevalence among Asians compared to NHW people using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).
Hypothesis
We hypothesize that CKM syndrome prevalence will be higher in Asian subgroups compared to NHWs.
Methods
Using 2015-2018 NHIS data, we estimated the prevalence of CKM Stages among Asian Indians, Chinese, and Filipinos compared to NHW people. Variables included obesity, using Asian-specific Body Mass Index (BMI) values, diabetes status, hypertension, cholesterol, and the presence of cardiovascular symptoms to distinguish CKM stages. Kidney function was unavailable in NHIS. Stages were defined as: 0 (BMI <23), 1 (BMI ≥23 or prediabetes), 2/3 (BMI ≥23, prediabetes, hypertension, diabetes, or high cholesterol), or 4 (established cardiovascular disease). Associations between level of physical activity, access to care, socioeconomic status, and CKM stages were tested using bivariate (ANOVA, Pearson’s chi-squared) and regression analysis.
Results
We examined 86,762 adults aged 20-80 (mean = 45.8). Prevalence of stages varied by race, with CKM being highest in Chinese (45.7%) for Stage 0, Asian Indians (53.8%) for Stage 1, and Filipinos (29.6%) for Stage 2/3 (Figure 1). The prevalence of CKM in the aforementioned groups was significantly higher compared to NHW, with Stage 0 prevalence being 15.2% higher in Chinese, Stage 1 prevalence being 19.0% among Asian Indians, and Stage 2/3 prevalence being 3.7% higher among Filipinos (Figure 1).
Conclusions
When disaggregated, Asian Americans experience a different burden of CKM syndrome when compared to NHW people. Factors such as the prevalence of prediabetes, diabetes, high cholesterol, and higher BMI values undoubtedly contribute to the disparities that are noted. The different burden of CKM stage by race highlights the need for culturally appropriate interventions to reduce racial disparities in CKM syndrome. Further research is warranted on the impact of demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors on CKM in Asian Americans.