Abstract Body (Do not enter title and authors here): Background
Patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) have high degrees of congestion, which may be associated with albuminuria. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have natriuretic effects, possibly diminishing the degree of albuminuria. However, early changes in albuminuria, their prognostic value and interaction with MRA therapy remain unclear in AHF.
Methods
The EARLIER trial included patients with AHF who were randomized to receive eplerenone or placebo over 6 months. Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) at admission and week 1 were measured, and Cox proportional hazards models were used for analyses.
Results
Among 296 patients (mean age, 67±13years; 72% male), median B-type natriuretic peptide was 386 (190-660) pg/ml, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 30±8%. Patients with an UACR of ≥30 mg/g at admission had more severe congestion and poorer exercise capacity compared to those without (all-P<0.01). From admission to week 1, UACR levels significantly decreased (P<0.01), without significant differences between treatment groups (P>0.10). UACR levels at both admission (adjusted-HR [95% CI]=1.23 [1.03-1.47]) and week 1 (adjusted-HR [95% CI]=1.23 [1.01-1.50]) were associated with the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization. Additionally, eplerenone vs. placebo reduced the risk of a composite of all-cause mortality, HF re-hospitalization, investigator-reported worsening HF, and/or out-of-hospital diuretic intensification (HR [95% CI]= 0.53 [0.29-0.97]), irrespective of the severity of albuminuria (P-for-interaction>0.10).
Conclusion
In patients with AHF, the degree of albuminuria at both admission and week 1 was associated with post-discharge prognosis. Although eplerenone did not reduce albuminuria levels, the benefit from eplerenone was consistent regardless of the albuminuria severity.